Calorific kiln.



No. 803,236. PATBNTED OCT. 3l, 1905. E. A. KING.

GALORIFIG KILN.

APPLIoATIoN FILED JUNE a. 1905.

2 SHEETS-snm' z.

UNITED STATESA PATENT oEEIoE.

EDWIN A. KING, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

CALORIFIC KILN.

Tn all w/tmw it may con/cern,.-

Be it known that I, EDWIN A. KING, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Calorilic Kilns, of which the following isaspecilication.

My invention has relation to calorific kilns, and in such connection it relates more particularly to the construction and arrangement of flues connecting the furnace of the same with the interior of the kiln and with the arches of brick placed therein.

The principal objectsof my invention are, first, to provide each furnace of a caloric kiln with a flue, preferably of the same width as the furnace-chamber, which. terminates in two partially triangular-shaped branches, the apex or meeting-point of the inner walls of which branches is located in the vertical central axis of the furnace, so as to equally divide and to evenly distribute the heat and products of combustion of the furnace into the branch flues and from the same into two arches of brick arranged within the kiln; second, to provide the main flue of each of the furnaces of the kiln with a base elevated above the grate of the furnace, which by forming a bridge-wall prevents the fuel from entering the main flue and its branches; third, to provide each of the branch iues with a damper to partially or completely close one of said branch iues and to conduct all the heat of a furnace or the greater proportion of the same into one of the branch ues, and, fourth, to provide each of the furnaces with air-flues arranged parallel to the furnace-chamber and entering the main flue through the bridgewall and terminating opposite the central portion of the inner Haring walls of the branch fines, so as to supply highly-heated air to the ame and products of combustion passing over the bridge-wall and to effect a complete combustion of the unconsumed products of combustion prior to the entering of the same into the arches of brick arranged within the kiln.

The nature and scope of my present invention will be more fully understood from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, forming part hereof, in which- Figure l is a view, partly in elevation and partly in horizontal section, of a kiln and illustrating at the left-hand end the fire-chamber and the main iiue of the furnaces termi- Specication of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 3, 1905. Serial No. 263,594.

Patented Oct. 31, 1905.

nating in two partially triangularshaped branch fiues and at the right-hand end the main and branch iiues and two air-iiues terminating in the main iue opposite the branch iiues and dampers arranged in the branch flues embodying main features of my invention. Fig. 2 is a front elevational view of the kiln and the furnaces thereof, partly sectioned, and illustrating the air-fiues arranged at each sideof the furnace-chamber. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view on the line a; of Fig. l; and Fig. 4 is a detail View, enlarged, illustrating in vertical section the main iiue and the ends of the air-lines terminating therein and also illustrating in elevation a portion of the branch iiues forming the continuation ofthe main iiue and the dampers arranged in the branch iiues.

' Referring to the drawings, a represents an updraft kiln of usual construction, from each of the front walls a' of which extend in the present instance two furnaces b. As shown at the left-hand end in Figs. l and 3, the {irechamber b of the furnace terminates at a grate b2 and communicates with an elevated flue c, which at a certain distance from the grate b2 branches into two partially triangular-shaped flues c and c2. The apex or meeting portions c3 of the inner walls of these branch flues c and c2 are arranged directly in the vertical central axis of the main flue c and the iirechamber of the furnace and the purpose of the same is to equally divide and to evenly distribute the heat and products of combustion coming from the lire-chamber through the main iiue c by parting the same in striking the apex c3 and conducting a uniform portion of the same into each of the branch iiues c and c2. The branch flues at their inner ends are deflected into straight portions 04, so as to be in alinement with the arches of brick (not shown) which are built in the brick to be burned in the interior of the kiln a. By the even distributionof the heat of each of the furnaces b of the kiln a to two arches of brick each arch in the kiln will be supplied with an equal quantity of heat, and consequently the brick in the-kiln will be uniformly burned throughout, as each arch will diffuse an equal amount of heat .through the mass of brick built upon and surrounding the same. rPhe elevation d, separating the main flue 'c at its lower end from the fire-chamber b', forms a bridge-wall which prevents the fuel from entering the main ue c and the branches c and c2 thereof.

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In order to insure a complete combustion of the products of combustion in the end of the main flue c, serving as the combustionchamber of the kiln, and prior to the introduction of the same into the brick arches in the kiln a, there are provided air-lines e and e, which conduct highly-heated air into the end of the main liuc c at points opposite and centrally arranged to the inner outwardlyflaring walls of the branch ilues c and 02. The highly-heated air rising from the combined base and bridge-wall Z will commingle with the flame and products of combustion and produce a complete combustion of the unconsumed products of combustion before the same have passed the branch flues c and 02. Furthermore, each of the highly-heated currents of air will supply each of the branch flues with the necessary quantity of'hot air to make the combustion perfect, and the location or' the outlets e2 or' the air-fines midway of the ilaring inner walls of the branch flues c and c2 will prevent the currents from being deflected either wholly or partially into one or the other of the branch lues. The heating of the air to a temperature equal to that generated in the furnace-chamber is accomplished by arranging the air-lines e and e/ alongside the furnace-chamber from which the same are separated by a comparatively thin wall b3, of firebrick,and then detlected inward beyond the end of the chamber b into the highly-heated bridgework d and upwardly in the same. In this manner the air entering the ues e and e at the front wall of the furnace I) is gradually conducted from the coldest to the hottest portions of the furnace, and hence when the sanne issues from the outlets e2 within the main ue c by rising in the bridge-wall Z thereof will impart to the air a temperature corresponding with that generated in the lire-chamber The portion d of the bridge-wall Z separating the outlets e2 of the air-fines e and e from each other terminates at the base of the apex e3 of the branch ues o and c2, and thus serves to strengthen the bridge-wall d. As shown in Fig. 3, the bases of the branch lines c' and 02 and the main flue c are arranged in alinement with the iioor (02 of the kiln a, and hence the arches built in the brick to be burned will be located at the same level as the base of the ues c, c', and c2. The straight ends c4 of the branch lues 0 and czof each of the furnaces b are located an equal distance apart from each other, as shown in Fig. l. In order to observe the burning ofthe brick in the kiln a, the front ends a thereof are provided with so-called peep-holes f, by means of which the action of the heat on the brick or other articles in the kiln can be readily ascertained at all times. lf the brick in the kiln a for one reason or the other is or are found to be burning unevenly, dampers z, arranged in each of the branch lines o' and 02, may partially or wholly close one of these branch lues, so that all or the greater portion of the heat coming from the fire-chamber b' of' each of the furnaces ZJ may be conducted to certain portions ot' the brick in the kiln, which require a greater amount ot' heat for the proper burning of the same. The dampers L are slidable in a hori- Zontal plane, so that the same will remain in any position given. Rods It', connected with the dampers t, permit of the operation of the damper from the outside of the kiln a.

Having thus described the nature and objects of my invention, what I claim as new, and de'- sire to secure by Letters Patent, is-A l. In a kiln, a lire-chamber formed by an eX tension or' the front walls having a grate, lues arranged in the front walls, a combustionchamber forming a main tlue interposed between said tire-chamber and the flues in said wall extension having a i'loor elevated above said grate, said combustion-chamber adapted to permit of the complete combustion of the products of combustion prior to their entrance into said tlues, and said llues adapted to equally dividethe heat coming from said combustion-chamber prior to their entrance into said kiln.

2. In akiln, a fire-ch amber formed by an extension ot' the front walls having a grate, lues arranged in the front walls, a combustionchamber arranged in said wall extension forming a main flue interposed between said firechamber and said flues having a floor elevated above said grate, said combustion-chamber adapted to permit of the complete combustion of the products of combustion prior to their entrance into said flues, and said lues adapted to equally divide the heat of said combustion-chamber prior to their entrance into two arches of brick arranged in said kiln.

3. In a kiln, a fire-chamber formed by an eX- tension of the front walls, 'lues arranged in the front walls, a combustion-chamber forming a main flue interposed between said tire-chamber and said lues in the wall extension, airliues arranged alongside of said lire-chamber and deflected into the floor of said. combustion-chamber, said flues adapted to heat the air and to conduct the same into said combus- IOO tion-chamber to permit of a complete combustion of the products of combustion therein prior to their entrance into said flues, and said flues adapted to equally divide the heat prior to their entrance into said kiln.

4L. In a kiln, a lire-chamber formed by an eX- tension of the front walls and having a grate, flues arranged in the front walls, a combustionchamber arranged in said wall extension and forming a main iue interposed between said fire-chamber and lues and having a iloor elevated above said grate to form a bridge-wall for the same, air-lines arranged alongside of said fire chamber and deiiected into said bridge-wall to heat air and to conduct the sanne into said combustion-chamber to permit of a complete combustion of the products of IZO combustion by rising therein and commingling with said products before the same enter said flues, and said 'lues adapted to equally divide the heat of said chambers prior to their entrance into said kiln.

5. In a kiln, ahrc-chamber Jformed by an eX- tension of the front walls and having a grate, iiues arranged in the front walls, a combustionchamber arranged in said wall extension and forming a main iue interposed between said fire-chamber and liues and having a Hoor elevated above said grate to form a bridge-wall for the same, air-fines arranged alongside said iire-chamber and below said bridge-wall anddeflected into and rising in said wall cent-rally, opposite the flaring wall portions of said iiues, said iiues adapted to heat the air by conducting the same into and through the bridge-wall to permit of a complete combustion of the products of combustion by rising in said chamber and commingling with the products of combustion therein, and said flues adapted to equally divide the heat of said chambers prior to their entrance into said kiln.

6. In a kiln, a {ire-chamber formed by an extension of the front walls andA having a grate, iues arranged in the front walls, a combustionchamber arranged in said wall extension and4 forming a main iiue interposed between said tire-chamber and flues and having a Hoor elevated above said grate to form a bridge-wall for the same, air-iues arranged alongside said hre-chamber and below said bridge-wall and deiiected into and rising in said wall centrally, opposite the flaring wall portions of said flues, said lues adapted to heat the air by conducting the same into and through the bridge-wall to permit of a complete combustion of the products of combustion by rising in said chamber and commingling with the products of combustion therein, and dampers arranged in said lines and adapted when actuated to permit of the unequal distribution of the heat of said chambers to two arches of brick in said kiln or all the heat into one of the arches of said brick.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my signature in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EDWIN A. KING.

Witnesses:

J. WALTER DoUGLAss, THOMAS M. SMITH. 

